Hey guys , Python has witnessed a huge amount of popularity in the field of web development, but now there is a new programming language in the town called as Go language that is drawing a lot of attention from web developers outthere and giving a tougher competition to Python.
So, we help you to decide which one to choose, we'll talk about the same,that is Python vs Go. So we'll start off by understanding why to learn 'Python' and why to learn 'Go.'
Then we'll compare these programming languages on the basis of their programming style, performance, scalability, applications, execution,storage, libraries, syntax, and readability of the code.
We'll also have a short quizat the end to recap what all you have learned from this video. Make sure youput down your answers in the comment section below.
Also guys, if you want tobecome a professional Python developer, then Intellipaat provides a Pythoncertification course, full end-to-end course. The link is given inthe description box below. So, before any further delays, let's get started.
Guys, let us start our session by discussing about why you should usePython and Go. Launched in December 1989, Python is thethird most popular programming language of 2019.
It is a general purpose andhigh-level programming language. Python can be used for developing desktop GUIapplications, websites, and web applications, and many more.
So, Python isa high-level programming language which allows a user to focus on corefunctionality of application by taking care of common programming tasks, and themost important point is Python's simple syntax rules that further makes iteasier for you to keep the code base readable and application maintainable.
Next is why to use Go? Go also known as Golang for easy searching is aprogramming language maintained by Google which was being launched inNovember 2009.
Go is developed for ease of programming and writing code which isan interpreted dynamically typed language with the efficiency and safetyof a statically typed compiled language.
It is not only easy to work with, butthere are a lot of features which make it popular. It does a lot of things thata statically typed language does, such as picking up errorsat compile time which is the feature of a statically typed language, but it isthere in Go language.
Go can produce a single binary which Python can also get,but Python will require a virtual machine in order to execute, but Go doesnot. So again, Go wins on simplicity.
So now guys, let's move forward anddiscuss about the parameters based on which we will make the differencesbetween Python and Go. So, first and foremost, we will discuss about theparadigm, next will be the performance, scalability, concurrency, and parallelism,applications, execution, storage, libraries, and in theend, syntax and readability of the code.
So guys, let's move forward and discussabout the first parameter, that is, the paradigm. So Python is an object-orientedimperative, functional, and reflective language, whereas Go is also procedural,functional, and concurrent, but not object-oriented.
So, now let's moveforward and discuss about another parameter, that is, the performance. Soguys when we look at the performance of Go and Python, we found that Go isextremely fast.
So, Go language's performance is similar to that of Javaor C++ which are the fastest language right now. So, you will be amazed toknow that Go language is 40 times faster than Python.
So now guys, based on that,we look at the three most complex problems which are Binary-Tree, Mandelbrot, and N-body, and then we will evaluate on the basis of which language takeslead here.
So guys, before proceeding further, let's brief you about thesethree problems. First problem that we have considered is a binarytree. A binary tree is a data structure in which a record is linked to two successive records, usually referred to as the left branch when greater and the right branchwhen less than the previous record.
So guys, thesecond problem is Mandelbrot. It is a mathematics complex number topicsproblem which is the set of complex numbers for which the function does notdiverge when iterated, that is, for which thesequence remains bounded in absolute value.
Last problem is the N-bodyproblem. In physics, the N-body problem is the problem of predicting the individualmotions of group of celestial objects interacting with each othergravitationally. Solving this problem has beenmotivated by desire to understand the motions of Sun, Moon, planets, and visiblestars.
So guys, now we will look at the performance of a language when we runthe code of these problems. So, this will be your outputin case of the binary trees in both Go as well as Python. You will see thatPython took 81.3 seconds and Go took 27.9 seconds.
Here, the CPU load taken by Go is quite heavier thanthe Python. So guys, even if you look at the run time and the compilation time taken by Go vs Python, Go took lesser time to compile the code and thePython took more time to compile the code, that is 81.03 seconds.
So guys, we can conclude out that in case of binary trees, Go language'sperformance is far better than Python. So here comes our second problemwhich is the Mandelbrot, and this is one of the complex problems out there andafter running this problem, the results were in favor of, again, Go language.
So guys, now if you look into this output over here, Go language took 5.47 seconds to compile the code and give the output, and in case ofPython it took 284.36 seconds; isn't that quitefrustrating? In case of memory, Go language took quite lesser memoriesthan Python.
You can see here 31,104 in placeof 52,412, and in case of other factors also, it again lacks behind Go.So even in case of CPU load, you will see that 99% in case of Go and 100% in case of Python, so that is quite frustrating when it comes to suchkind of complex programs.
Final problem is one of the toughestand complex problems which is the N-body problem and when we run the code forN-body problem here, again, Go language wins over Python. So mostly in everyaspect, Go has upper hand over Python. You can see again that the CPU load took by Go was of 0% and for Python it was 29%.
In caseof compilation time also, it gave the output in 21.25seconds, and in case of Python it took the compilation time of 774.34 seconds. So guys Ibelieve the above three points are enough to declare Go language as awinner in terms of performance measures, isn't it.
Now guys, let us move forward toour next parameter, that is, the scalability. So, nowadays we look forbuilding an application that is truly scalable. So if applications will not be scalable, it will cause loss to the business, isn'tit.
So Google developed Go language keeping this very thing in mind that themain purpose of Go language was to help developers at Google to solve problemswhich are at the scale of Google.
Go language has inbuilt support forconcurrent process channeling, that is, concurrency. On the other hand, python hasa really hard time with concurrency, but it can implement parallelism throughthreads.
So, let us first understand the difference between concurrency and theparallelism. So, the meaning of concurrency is that an application ismaking progress on more than one task at the same time, whereas parallelism meansthat an application splits this task into smaller subtasks which can beprocessed in parallel, for instance, on multiple CPUs at the exact same time.
So guys,a language that inherently has support for concurrency is the perfectlanguage for big scalable programs. So now guys, let's move forward and discussabout our next parameter, that is, the applications. So, in this part, none ofthem is going to be a winner because every language has been made for somepurpose.
So, we cannot say any specific language as the winner. If you areworking in the field of Data Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning,and web development, then you will be using Python this is becausethe great libraries that are available in the Python that makes life in the setfields a whole lot easier.
So guys, when talking about Go language, whichis mostly used for system programming, and the reason behind it is that itsupports the concurrency. It has also found a generous amount of useand acceptance in the cloud computing and cluster computing field.
So now guys,let's move on to our next parameter which is execution.Both Python and Go use an interpreter and a compiler,respectively. Python is a dynamically typed language, whereas Go is astatically typed language.
What does a statically typed language mean? We need todeclare variable types explicitly for the compiler, so eventrivial bugs are caught really easily, while in a dynamically typed languagetype interference is implemented by the interpreter;hence, some bugs may remain.
So guys it happens mostly because interpretersometimes interpret things incorrectly. What I mean to say is thatPython is a dynamically typed language so it limits the programmer when he orshe intends to build a really big program, while Go can handle both typesof programs.
Now let's have a quick glance at ournext parameter, that is, the storage. So python offers no memory management, whereas Goprovides great memory management which also comes in handy while runningthe complex problems which we have seen above while comparing the performance ofboth the languages.
So now let's move to the next parameter, that is, thelibraries. So guys, here Python wins over Go because of the decent amount oflibraries that are available here.
So packages like NumPy that help you witharray handling and complex matrix functions, TensorFlowand scikit-learn for Deep Learning, Open CV for image processing, Pandas for dataanalysis, matplotlib for visualization, and the list goes on.
This is whatPython is known for. Guys that doesn't mean that Go language fallsshort here. So while the number may not be as Python's but the usage of fieldscovered is almost the same; they have insane libraries for webdevelopment, database handling, concurrent programming, and encryption.
So guys, moving on to the last parameter, that is, syntax and readability ofcode. So code readability becomes a major factor to be taken into considerationwhen working with the team on a project.
Python surely has a fantasticreadability, but in Python there are probably 10 different ways to say thesame thing which normally leads to confusionwhenever code is big and all the people working on the code are in large numbers.
On the other hand, if you look at Go, it comes with strict rules when itcomes to programming. So, there are not any unnecessary libraries to be importednor unnecessary variables to be created.
So talking about the syntax, herePython wins as it has syntax like English sentences which is easy to learn.On the other hand, Go language's syntax is considerably less friendly to beginners.So here we have a code for some calculation in case of Pythonas well as for Go.
So as you can imagine that how easier it would be to developthis type of code. In case of Go language, the code is quite complex. You can easily compare and get an idea that Python syntax is very easy ascompared to Go language. So guys, these were all the parameters based on whichwe had to compare Python and Go.
So now guys, you tell me, according to you whichone of them is better, python or Go, and why? We would gladly accept your responses.Now, I have a question for you.
These two codes shown in your screen are of Pythonand Go language, respectively. Can you tell me that which one of them isdynamically typed and which one of them is statically typed.
Quick hint which I have already mentioned above that in dynamically typed, you do not have to declare a variable by yourself, but in statically typed you have to declare the variables.